Its construction began in 1630, commissioned and financed by the Boncompagni dukes. The church features two towers: one serves as a bell tower, while the other houses a clock. The building is designed with a Latin cross plan and has a vaulted ceiling crowned by a dome supported by four large sails. These sails converge at the top to hold a smaller dome adorned with blue stained glass windows. On the central sail, a fresco depicts Our Lady of Loreto, the patron saint of the city, being carried in flight by angels along with her Holy House.
The apse is dominated by a large fresco representing the martyrdom of Saint Lawrence, painted by the artist Aurelio Marini from Velletri. In the side niches, two canvases by Ranaldi depict Saint Juvenal and Saint Bartholomew.